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Post 60

Monday, May 5, 2008 - 2:45pmSanction this postReply
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Jon Trager:

John: "Your premise that we shouldn't try to correct past wrongs or that our lives for some reason are static throughout time, and the variables that should govern our decisions never change through time, are not consistent with reality."

What? I wasn't making the argument that the U.S. government shouldn't have overthrown Saddam Hussein because the U.S. government gave him WMDs a couple of decades ago. I only noted, as an aside, that the only WMDs Hussein has ever been proven to have (and used) were from the U.S. government. You're inferring too much from that one statement.


So Jon, if that's not what you meant, why did you even bring it up? Was there a point you were trying to make with that issue? Either there was something you were trying to imply or what you just brought up something that was irrelevant to the decision to go to war in 2003. I'm not trying to play "gotcha" I'm just trying to understand what point you were trying to make.

John: "You can't honestly say the chances of nuclear proliferation has not at least been mitigated."

Me: "Yes, I can."

John: "Why?"

This is a complicated issue and I can't say much on it in a forum post. But I don't know of credible evidence that Saddam Hussein was trying to start a nuclear weapons program,


Well I don't know how much credible evidence you need. The United Nations, several foreign intelligence agencies including French foreign intelligence agencies all thought he had weapons of mass destruction, was actively pursuing a nuclear weapons program, and if enough time had passed he would have eventually acquired one. He also outright violated UN resolutions pertaining to weapons inspections that were outlined in a treaty he signed agreeing to adhere to. He had a pre-existing record of using and manufacturing WMD. If you have evidence to the contrary, let's hear it.

John: "You act as if there would be no consequences to inaction."

No, there are always opportunity costs to alternative actions. I just believe that the costs to the welfare of Americans from Saddam Hussein ruling Iraq are far outweighed by the (still rapidly rising) costs to Americans of the U.S. government invading Iraq and continuing its occupation.


I respectfully disagree with your opinion. Leaving now would have drastic effects that would ruin our credibility as a military power and would only embolden our enemies to attack us on American soil. If American troops left, they wouldn't just continue setting up I.E.D.s to kill non-existent marines, they will follow us here at home. I think that is a choice that should be out of the question.

John: "It is ridiculous to ask for evidence for a future outcome when I am advocating a particular strategy to attain a desirable outcome. I have no more evidence of what will happen that you do of what won't happen."

Don't you think that history offers us guidance for the future? The Bush administration clearly doesn't. In its breathtaking ignorance of the history of the Middle East and Iraq in particular, the administration initially announced the entire Iraq effort would cost U.S. taxpayers about $50 to $60 billion and would likely result in a few hundred U.S. deaths. Of course, anyone with a historical knowledge of the region said that notion was absurd. But they were shouted down or ignored. And 4,000+ deaths and $500 or $600 billion later, here we are, with no end in sight. By the way, $600 billion was the cost of the *entire* U.S. federal government in 1980.


By no means do I think this war was executed flawlessly, that mistakes due to incompetence were not made. I don't think this is some Platonic Ideal of a war. I'm not happy with everything about it, I wish things could've turned out differently, I wish bad choices that were made were not made. But Presidents don't lose wars, nations do. And if we are trying to prove a point that Bush was an incompetent fool, a hypocrite, an arrogant leader, that we should then punish the entire nation by putting our security at risk because Bush didn't do the job correctly and we should hold him accountable, is an insane proposition. The choice today is either we leave or we stay, the consequences of both need to be weighed. You think it's better we leave because of (x) consequences, I think it's better to stay because of (y) consequences. You point out the costs spent so far, I am pointing out the devastation that would likely occur if we left. I don't want us to look weak in front of our enemies.

John: "Bad by what standard? If it is better today than a year ago, it is good that it is better. Is it satisfactory? No, but to shun any improvements is to deny that we shouldn't value any and all salient steps to an eventual desirable outcome."

My point is that whatever overall "improvement" there has been in the situation in Iraq over the last year, it's minor and not indicative that Iraq is close to becoming a stable, self-sufficient country, nevermind one that aggressively destroys Islamic terrorist). Actually, I think deposing Saddam Hussein, A Sunni whose regime was unique in the Arab world regarding the amount of religious freedom it tolerated, in favor of Shiite Nouri Al-Maliki is a step *backward* in any coordinated effort against Islamic terrorism.


I don't see how you come to that conclusion considering al-Maliki's government is not pursuing a WMD program nor are they sanctioning or funding Hamas and Hezbollah.

Post 61

Monday, May 5, 2008 - 9:37pmSanction this postReply
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A Plea for Disentanglement

Forgive me if other than general rancor I cannot quite follow the exact nature of the disagreement at this point.

There seem to be two points of disagreement, first over whether Bush has prosecuted (or is prosecuting) the Iraq war well and second over the principles by which wars in general should be fought.

Could we disentangle the two controversies and forgo the personal insults? Otherwise it seems the only point being proven here is Peikoff's caveats on web posting. I know no one here wants to be a textbook case supporting his arguments.

I would suggest that we have to accept the notion that political arguments about the actions of states cannot be exactly analogized to ethical arguments about the actions of individuals. The rules that govern the actions of states in war allow states to deal primarily with other states and not with individuals. In war, it is state versus state. By missing this fact we can get tied up in questions of how one state should treat the individuals of another state, or can ask what one individual should do about the actions of a state. This is to conflate politics and ethics, and while it might be of interest to anarchists and libertarians, for Objectivists, it is a tar pit of conceptual confusion.


Post 62

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 8:41amSanction this postReply
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I'm not going to have a lengthy debate (that won't be resolved) about the Iraq War here, John. But I'll respectfully (and very briefly) answer some of your points.

Let's assume that preventing foreign regimes from obtaining WMDs is even a realistic goal for the U.S. government.

CIA reports up through 2002 showed no evidence of an Iraqi nuclear weapons program, and former CIA Chief George Tenet didn't support that claim. Also, UN nuclear inspectors concluded that the notorious aluminum tubes Colin Powell claimed were for uranium-enrichment centrifuges weren't.

Regardless, U.S. officials (politicians, not intelligence agents) repeatedly told the media that they *knew* that Saddam Hussein had WMDs just prior to the invasion of Iraq. Yet they offered no evidence. As history shows, it's a bad idea to take politicians at their word on such a matter.

John: "If American troops left, they wouldn't just continue setting up I.E.D.s to kill non-existent marines, they will follow us here at home."

Do you seriously believe that if U.S. troops left soon, then the Mahdi Army or similar outfit would follow them back to America? I think this belief is absurd.

John: "You point out the costs spent so far, I am pointing out the devastation that would likely occur if we left. I don't want us to look weak in front of our enemies."

It's not shameful for a government to acknowledge that it grossly miscalculated and to exit before more of its citizens are killed in action and more of its citizen's money is flushed down the drain.

"But Presidents don't lose wars, nations do."

No, national governments do. I don't equate a nation's government with the nation itself (though they're obviously connected).

"Al-Maliki's government is not pursuing a WMD program nor are they sanctioning or funding Hamas and Hezbollah."

Guess who has close ties with Al Maliki's Shiite government? The Shiite government of IRAN. You must know this.

Anyway, I'm glad to have had the opportunity to object to your characterization of the Iraq situation. I think that's all I have to say here, although I'll respond a little more if I think it's necessary.

Post 63

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 10:56amSanction this postReply
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Ted:

I would suggest that we have to accept the notion that political arguments about the actions of states cannot be exactly analogized to ethical arguments about the actions of individuals. The rules that govern the actions of states in war allow states to deal primarily with other states and not with individuals. In war, it is state versus state. By missing this fact we can get tied up in questions of how one state should treat the individuals of another state, or can ask what one individual should do about the actions of a state. This is to conflate politics and ethics, and while it might be of interest to anarchists and libertarians, for Objectivists, it is a tar pit of conceptual confusion.


Ted I don't know what you're getting at here. State's are comprised of individuals. Individuals are who decide when to go to war and how to wage it, and individuals consequently are killed. So I disagree, the rules that govern the actions of a state in war are specifically to deal with individuals of another state. The way you characterize it as "state versus state" that doesn't regard individuals' interests is a floating abstraction. What exactly is a state then in the context of war?

Post 64

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 11:15amSanction this postReply
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Jon Trager:

Let's assume that preventing foreign regimes from obtaining WMDs is even a realistic goal for the U.S. government.


Yes and that would be a correct assumption. It is realistic. Iraq being one and Lybia abandoning its WMD program being another example.

CIA reports up through 2002 showed no evidence of an Iraqi nuclear weapons program, and former CIA Chief George Tenet didn't support that claim.


The standard of proof here is what is at issue. No the CIA didn't have evidence that in 2002 Iraq had a nuclear weapons program, (4 years after UN weapons inspectors were kicked out of the country by Saddam) but they did have evidence in the past Saddam had pursued various WMD programs including nuclear weapons. Quoting Hitchens: "Up until then, any assumption that all the fangs had been removed would have been a highly irresponsible one. It would have involved, quite simply, taking Saddam Hussein's word for it. His prior record of deception, double-dealing, and concealment makes that quite impossible."

If you want to believe a serial murderer when he says he is threw with killing, and won't do it again but will constantly deceive you and obstruct you from observing his behavior and private life, it would be foolish to take his word for it.

Do you seriously believe that if U.S. troops left soon, then the Mahdi Army or similar outfit would follow them back to America? I think this belief is absurd.


Really? You find the belief that Jihadists would follow us back to America to continue their killing of Americans absurd?

Hmmm.....



It's not shameful for a government to acknowledge that it grossly miscalculated and to exit before more of its citizens are killed in action and more of its citizen's money is flushed down the drain


I can only shake my head at such naivete. It's not shame I'm concerned about, it's looking weak in front of an enemy that will use any opportunity to strike when it senses any signs of weakness. I can't make you see that, it's just common sense. If we are not considered to be a credible military power, but instead a weak-willed nation that easily folds like a paper tiger, our enemies will act on that notion.

Guess who has close ties with Al Maliki's Shiite government? The Shiite government of IRAN. You must know this.


Please explain "close ties"? I don't mean to defend Al Maliki in every action he takes, but whatever "ties" you're talking about they are mainly concerned with using whatever resources he feels can be used to stop Iran from funding the insurgency in Iraq, including political resources. Do you honestly think Al Maliki sanctions Shiite terrorists killing Iraqis?



Post 65

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 11:32amSanction this postReply
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I missed this one.

Jon Trager:

"But Presidents don't lose wars, nations do."

No, national governments do. I don't equate a nation's government with the nation itself (though they're obviously connected).


Well which is it then, are they or aren't they connected? And do the actions of the President and the rest of our government have consequences that effect our lives for the good or for the bad, or is there no effect on our lives? What the government does has obviously a profound impact on our lives, and if a war is lost or won, it is simply absurd to think this doesn't effect a nation. So I stand by that statement, President's don't lose wars, nations do.

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Post 66

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 11:45amSanction this postReply
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John, did you know that 9/11 wasn't perpetrated by Saddam Hussein or Iraqis? So your photo, while visually stunning, is irrelevant to the point. Yes, it's absurd to believe the Mahdi Army will follow U.S. troops back to America if they leave Iraq.

John: "I can only shake my head at such naivete."

The only naive belief here is that the Iraq debacle has made Americans *safer*. On the contrary, the evidence shows that it's been a terrific terrorist recruitment tool. It's also seriously straining the U.S. military, leaving us more vulnerable to real threats. That's all.

Post 67

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 2:37pmSanction this postReply
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John, as with your criticism of Jon Trager in post 65, you can see that there is no general agreement here as to what a state even is. Much of what has been said until now on this thread is simply incomprehensible. Rather than beginning from shared first principles people are jumping into the middle of arguments without even being able to define their own ideas let alone understand the difference between their own ideas and those of others.

I would again make what I see as the simple point that war is a conflict between states. One has to accept the reality of a state as a political entity (one can't be an anarchist) and one must differentiate between states and persons as moral actors. Much of the confusion above seems to stem from the idea that one must analyze war in personal terms as an ethical matter rather than political terms as a political matter.

In war, the objective of a defending state must be the defeat of the aggressor state. Matters regarding the treatment of individuals (POW's, "innocent" civilians) are secondary to the necessity of victory for the attacked state. If "just war theory" puts the treatment of enemy civilians above victory as a criterion for proper action of a defending state, then the defending state is doomed. A defender cannot put the well-being of innumerable thrid parties above its own self defense. Just war theory in these terms holds a nation's self-defense hostage to the actions of an enemy who can use the civilians of either side as shields to protect itself from retribution. If the US were to have to consider the welfare of every civilian domestic and foreign before it could act when attacked then it could never act.

Any aggressor, not bound by the notion of individual rights, could attack the US with impunity and in so doing make it impossible for America to protect its citizens. Look at Saddam and his human shields. Look at the Hezbollah War. Israel hamstrung itself allowing attacks from Lebanese soil to go unpunished. America both restrained Israel from acting in its own self-defense and although the State Department had warned people not to travel there, America boat-lifted civilians from Lebanon who had put themselves in a war zone. This was all the result of making people's "rights" absolute, above the necessity of a functioning state to defend those rights. Rights absolutists would have no way to criticize those Americans who entered Lebanon against State Department advice and then complained that the boat sent to rescue them from their own folly was not a luxury liner.

A civilian's actual civil rights exist within the context of a functioning state. A functioning state must defend its own integrity as a state in the circumstance of war. Individuals, whether domestic or foreign, cannot claim a privilege to override the necessity of a state's self defense in a state of war. If you, as an individual, get in the way of the US military pursuing legitimate military objectives, too bad. War is hell. Victory is what allows a return to peace and the regular concern of a state with the protection of its civilians rights. During a war, the claims of individuals in a war zone are entirely secondary to and subject to the needs of the state's self defense.


Post 68

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 4:00pmSanction this postReply
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Jon Trager:

John, did you know that 9/11 wasn't perpetrated by Saddam Hussein or Iraqis? So your photo, while visually stunning, is irrelevant to the point. Yes, it's absurd to believe the Mahdi Army will follow U.S. troops back to America if they leave Iraq.


You are too concrete-bound here. Were you aware that there are Jihadists in Iraq killing Americans and Iraqis and Jihadists killed Americans on 9/11? I don't care what name they use, nor is it simply only the Mahdi Army, they have common interests and a common religious ideology and a common hatred for America. It is absurd to believe they would not continue their attacks on America and America's interests.

The only naive belief here is that the Iraq debacle has made Americans *safer*


And the excruciatingly naive belief that you have that making us look like weak cowards and surrendering to Jihadists will some how make us safer, is truly mind-boggling.



Post 69

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 4:18pmSanction this postReply
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Jacob Bronowski said, in The Ascent of Man, that "war is organized theft"......
(Edited by robert malcom on 5/06, 4:19pm)


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Post 70

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 4:43pmSanction this postReply
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It's not shameful for a government to acknowledge that it grossly miscalculated and to exit before more of its citizens are killed in action and more of its citizen's money is flushed down the drain.

I suppose one could say it isn't shameful to cut and run, but what is shameful is the obvious endorsement of murder and mayhem that would ensue afterward. Not here, but there. Abandoning the individuals a government sought to have rely on it in the first place is as close to evil as I can imagine.  Blaming the victims of murder and mayhem is a close second.

Would Trager, et al, support supplying arms and technology to the abandoned nation so it could at least defend itself?  Would they support easily obtainable visas if abandoned citizens wished to migrate here (or to Canada, or Switzerland, etc), instead of facing murder and tyranny there?  Or is the Trager/Hardin method simply to deny that leaving would have any dire consequence to anyone "important," like American citizens.  Mountains of Iraqi bodies aren't any big deal, because, hey, if they didn't have time to construct a sufficient defense system, (while we encouraged them to rely on ours) that ain't our problem.  

No? One guess as to who Iraq will be forced to make deals with.  Then guess how long it will be before it comes back to haunt us here.

Some people just can't see past their own nose.  


Post 71

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 4:48pmSanction this postReply
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Ted:

I would again make what I see as the simple point that war is a conflict between states. One has to accept the reality of a state as a political entity (one can't be an anarchist) and one must differentiate between states and persons as moral actors. Much of the confusion above seems to stem from the idea that one must analyze war in personal terms as an ethical matter rather than political terms as a political matter.


Again this is just a floating abstraction. I can too analyze war in personal terms as an ethical matter. Politics and ethics are not mutually exclusive. It's always about individuals.

If the US were to have to consider the welfare of every civilian domestic and foreign before it could act when attacked then it could never act.


This is question begging. You can consider the welfare of civilians domestic and foreign and can act and still be victorious. I reject your statement. I'm not saying a nation can't attack because it may cause collateral damage, nor am I saying a reasonable use of force should entail suicide or forsake victory because of an extreme consideration for minimizing risk of collateral damage to a level of zero. I'm saying some balance, some reasonable means must be used to mitigate such damage and the long-term ramifications must always be considered. War is a matter of a little bit of death or a whole lot of death. (And fortunately as our weapons have become more advanced they can better discriminate their targets.) The bombing of Nagasaki and Hiroshima in WW2 for example was a result of the bloody invasion of Okinawa and the fanaticism that was encountered there. Using what was learned from the invasion of Okinawa, calculations by Truman's Defense department estimated casualties for both Japanese and Americans to be astronomical if a conventional invasion of the Japanese mainland were to occur. It was deemed by Truman that using the atomic bomb would save both American and Japanese lives.

And what would mass slaughter accomplish? Victory in the short-term perhaps, but if a nation acted so carelessly when waging a war other nations will likely consider it dangerous to their welfare, and may consider attacking it or abandon that nation as an ally in response to what they deem to be the use of unreasonable force.

If you, as an individual, get in the way of the US military pursuing legitimate military objectives, too bad.


I don't understand what you mean by "get in the way". Could you please not speak so figuratively? The problem here is I don't know specifically what you mean and leads to too much confusion.

During a war, the claims of individuals in a war zone are entirely secondary to and subject to the needs of the state's self defense


This makes no sense to me. The primary function of a state is to protect rights, not violate them.


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Post 72

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 5:06pmSanction this postReply
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So, considering all of the points made above, was it correct for the US to attempt to stop the spread of Communist regimes in Vietnam and once there, was it wrong to leave as we did, knowing that millions of innocent citizens of Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam would be slaughtered - as happened - and the remainder would then exist in a state of virtual slavery?

I'm not so much challenging anyone here as desiring to see if there is a parallel between that war and the current one and whether there is any consistency in peoples' positions. I'm sure that to the advocates of the Vietnam war, it appeared clear that the spreading arm of Communism was a very real and present threat to our continued way of life and that it was better to stop it on the other side of the globe before it ended up on our doorstep. Was this thinking correct or wrongheaded?

Regards,
--
Jeff

Post 73

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 5:28pmSanction this postReply
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Sure wasn't wrong for the South Vietnamese.



undefined
Vietnam


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Post 74

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 6:16pmSanction this postReply
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So, considering all of the points made above, was it correct for the US to attempt to stop the spread of Communist regimes in Vietnam and once there, was it wrong to leave as we did, knowing that millions of innocent citizens of Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam would be slaughtered - as happened - and the remainder would then exist in a state of virtual slavery?


It was absolutely egregious and completely wrong to abandon South Vietnam, the war was OVER and WON in 1973, the last US combat troop had left - and the requisite noble peace prizes were dolled out. It was only TWO YEARS later after the democratically controlled US congress made any military support of South Vietnam, even only material goods, illegal, that the South Vietnamese were sentenced to enslavement and death at the hands of the soviet backed North Vietnamese. South Vietnam could have been supported with no loss of American lives in combat just as South Korea has been for nearly 50 years.

Soviet Communism during this century killed well over 100 million people (according to R.J. Rummel) and it had the explicit goal of over throwing every other nation on the planet. It was right for the US to oppose it every step of the way, and to always deal the best blow it could against communism it's worst enemy at the time.

The Vietnam War was a devastating blow to the Soviet Union, at the height of the Vietnam War fully 1/2 of all Soviet foreign aide and probably 1/6 of the entire soviet GDP was going to support the war effort in Vietnam, opposing the spread of communism in Vietnam, just as in Afghanistan, brought about an early collapse of the Soviet Union. (today the territories of the former soviet union make up 6% of the worlds population and only 3% of it's GDP, while the US at 3% of the worlds population makes up 20% of the worlds GDP, thus identical military expenditures by the US and Soviet Union cost the Soviet Union over 6 times as much)

That being said, some aspects of the way the war fought were miserably foolish and the Vietnamization program should have begun much earlier.

Post 75

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 6:58pmSanction this postReply
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Jeff,

I'm sure that to the advocates of the Vietnam war, it appeared clear that the spreading arm of Communism was a very real and present threat to our continued way of life and that it was better to stop it on the other side of the globe before it ended up on our doorstep. Was this thinking correct or wrongheaded?
Rand said it was wrongheaded, and I agree with what she said.

Ed


Post 76

Tuesday, May 6, 2008 - 7:09pmSanction this postReply
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I don't. Rand was wrong about Vietnam and was inconsistent with her views on foreign policy. She advocated we help defend Israel and Taiwan but not South Vietnam from communist expansion. Where 200,000 South Vietnamese soldiers fought and died along side American troops defending their country from their soon to be communist masters, I can't understand why she thought they were not worth the effort, but Israel and Taiwan to her was.
(Edited by John Armaos on 5/06, 7:17pm)


Post 77

Wednesday, May 7, 2008 - 4:37amSanction this postReply
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John,

I can't understand why she thought they were not worth the effort, but Israel and Taiwan to her was.
This is just off-the-cuff and I can't speak for Rand, but I think that it was because Israel and Taiwan were of value to America. For instance, you see a lot of products that say "Made in Taiwan" -- but you don't see many saying "Made in Vietnam." The basic thinking goes like this: If you hurt one trading partner -- then that is taken as an attack on the other (so expect retribution from the both of them).

Ed

(Edited by Ed Thompson on 5/07, 4:38am)


Post 78

Wednesday, May 7, 2008 - 5:11pmSanction this postReply
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Well that argument seems specious to me, South Korea in 1950 wasn't a major trading partner but today has the third largest economy in Asia and the 12th largest in the world. Israel today ranks 44, and still receives billions of dollars in U.S. aid.

Post 79

Thursday, May 8, 2008 - 4:28amSanction this postReply
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Rand said that it's fine to send boatloads of weapons to other countries -- in order to help them in their own wars. This explains our actions towards Israel. And she said that it is not ever okay -- but rank & file altruism -- to send-in American troops (who might die in the process) to help-out other countries. That explains Taiwan.

I don't yet know what it is that she had to say about the Korean War, but it's hard to believe she'd agree with the Iraq War; considering the definite losses and the indefinite gains.

Ed

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