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Monday, December 5, 2011 - 5:33amSanction this postReply
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Culture precedes law because tradition is the basis for law.  Brown v. Board did not make law as much as it recognized culture.  In the wake of World War II, we (broadly, "America") rejected all forms of racism and racialism.  But cultural lag is also real and not everyone changed all of their opinions in a day or a generation or a half century.  Prejudice continues. 

The Freakonomics chapter, "A Roshanda by any other Name" (Slate here) examines the interplay between culture and market.  According to the economists, the final tally is that having a distinctively Black name is not as much of a detriment as coming from a social context that embraces African-American culture in exclusion to the wider Euro-centric culture.  In other words, children from poor families have worse outcomes than those from upwardly mobile families.  However, along the way, they also cited the many known controlled studies in which identical resumes with identifiably "White" versus "Black" names received the easily predicted results that people with Black names suffer discrimination. 

No law can change that.  But announcing it, advertising it, and popularizing it can help to minimize and eventually eradicate it. Growing up among newly arrived Appalachians, I knew people proud to carry the family name "Lee" none of whom was Asian.  To be prejudiced is to be mentally out of focus.  The New Labour theoretician, Sir Anthony Giddens has written long, hard, and well about the importance of globalism.  His summary is that capitalism produces the goods we enjoy and socialism offers the criticism we need.

Ayn Rand's essay "Racism" was too little and too late.  It was the political left, not the conservatives (or libertarians) who attacked structural racism in the 1950s and 1960s.  Even today, conservatives, libertarians, and even Objectivists insist that a business has a "right" to discriminate on the basis of "race."  That might be an appropriate claim for libertarians and conservatives.  However, as a philosophy of rational self-interest, Objectivism would no more excuse such action as it would walking down the street distributing your life savings to beggars.


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Post 1

Monday, December 5, 2011 - 11:48amSanction this postReply
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Michael wrote:
Culture precedes law because tradition is the basis for law.
Actually, it's more complicated than that. Law becomes a part of culture, and parts of culture evolve as the society adapts to new law, but most important, it is our natural rights that are the proper basis for law. Law is how we structure and define government... and the purpose of government is to secure our natural rights.
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Michael says race doesn't exist yet he writes... endlessly, it seems, on race. He talks about Black names, about racism, about asians. If race doesn't exist, then what are these adjectives refering to and how are we to make any sense of them?

Michael, "Lee" is a common asian name, but it is also a common name in English-speaking countries - like Robert E. Lee - and it goes back to an England long before our colonial days.
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The New Labour theoretician, Sir Anthony Giddens has written long, hard, and well about the importance of globalism. His summary is that capitalism produces the goods we enjoy and socialism offers the criticism we need.
Michael, I don't know what to make of this statement. Globalism as an economic reality? Or globalism as a political end? Those are very different animals. The first is a reality born of technology and the second is a dream of some progressives who look for a way to end American soveriegnty. And what is this criticism that is native to socialism that you think we should value?
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Ayn Rand's essay "Racism" was too little and too late. It was the political left, not the conservatives (or libertarians) who attacked structural racism in the 1950s and 1960s. Even today, conservatives, libertarians, and even Objectivists insist that a business has a "right" to discriminate on the basis of "race." That might be an appropriate claim for libertarians and conservatives.

Once again you throw out vague and cheap attacks on Rand that are unwarranted.

Libertarians, as a political party didn't exist till 1971, and as a recognized political movement in the America they certainly didn't exist in the 1950's - so it is hard to blame them... at least if you want to be rational.

And you need to say which conservatives you are talking about since most of them, during that time period were Southern Democrats - like George Wallace, many of whom were speaking from a mixture of state's rights and racism. During reconstruction, "conservative" meant opposition to full rights to blacks. The political left did fight against racism, but being the left they were very happy to ignore property rights - even to diminish them. And they were as often fighting for equality of outcome as for equality under the law. The political left is credited with passing our modern civil rights laws, but don't forget that they were first proposed by Eisenhower who sent the troops into Little Rock, Arkansas to enforce desegregation, who integrated the Armed Forces, and who proposed the civil rights legislation passed in 1957 and 1960 for the right to vote. These acts were severely weakend and restricted by LBJ, who was in the Senate at the time. Then they were resurrected by Kennedy as a proposal he spoke out for, but he was assasinated before he could do anything, and along comes LBJ as president to pass them - but the votes in the House and in the Senate for the 1964 Civil Rights Act shows that Republicans voted yes by over 80% while Democrats were closer to 63%. That vote was actually more North versus South (almost no one from the South voted 'Yea')
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A business does have the right to discriminate on race, or on any other thing it wishes, rational or not, moral or not. Have you now decided that free speech should only be permitted to those who are speaking what you deem to be true? Objectivism is solidly opposed to racism - look at the article by Rand that you trashed - but it doesn't mean that Objectivist believe that some group of elites should be able to force the owner of a property to use that property only in ways the elites approve of. Because of the political left's approach to civil rights, the focus was on the federal government stopping private business owners from exercising their rights, when the focus should have been on stopping state or local governments from imposing Jim Crow laws - telling private property owners that they must enforce segregation in their businesses, like this law from the state of Virginia: "Every person... operating... any public hall, theater, opera house, motion picture show or any place of public entertainment or public assemblage which is attended by both white and colored persons, shall separate the white race and the colored race and shall set apart and designate... certain seats therein to be occupied by white persons and a portion thereof, or certain seats therein, to be occupied by colored persons."
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If you don't understand or agree with the premise that people have a right to do things, even immoral things, so long as they don't involve the initiation of force, the use of fraud or theft, then what is your new philosophy? It doesn't appear to be Objectivism.

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Monday, December 5, 2011 - 4:40pmSanction this postReply
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Steve wrote: Michael says race doesn't exist yet he writes... endlessly, it seems, on race. He talks about Black names, about racism, about asians. If race doesn't exist, then what are these adjectives refering to and how are we to make any sense of them?
Steve, as I said at first and repeated often, race is a social construct without objective reality.   Like corporate greed and the need for government intervention in the economy or like astrological sun sign,  these are things that people talk about, but are nonsense.

So, I can discuss the political agenda forwarded by "Hispanic business leaders" while at the same time pointing out that "Hispanic" for sure and "leader" perhaps are questionable on many grounds.  It is a matter of self-identification, but it is totally subjective.  Why are Romanians, Italians, and Romansh Swiss excluded? 

To the point here, Steve, there is absolutely no genetic test to show whether or not someone is "Hispanic."
Steve wrote: Michael, "Lee" is a common asian name, but it is also a common name in English-speaking countries - like Robert E. Lee - and it goes back to an England long before our colonial days.
Yes, I know that.  So, I wrote: "Growing up among newly arrived Appalachians, I knew people proud to carry the family name "Lee" none of whom was Asian.  To be prejudiced is to be mentally out of focus."  Her point, Ms. Lee's point, was that she is typified as being Asian by her name.  My assertion is that this is racialist ignorance.  Your repeating the obvious does nothing to address the question. 

Steve claimed:
Ayn Rand's essay "Racism" was too little and too late. It was the political left, not the conservatives (or libertarians) who attacked structural racism in the 1950s and 1960s. Even today, conservatives, libertarians, and even Objectivists insist that a business has a "right" to discriminate on the basis of "race." That might be an appropriate claim for libertarians and conservatives.
Once again you throw out vague and cheap attacks on Rand that are unwarranted.
Steve, now, as in the past, you perceive attacks on Ayn Rand where none were intended or delivered.  You seem very protective of your investment in her writings. I am sorry to make you feel uncomfortable by increasing your cognitive dissonance, but it cannot be avoided easily.  At some level, Steve, your sensibilities are your own to deal with.   Ayn Rand's essay, "Racism" was excellent, but only too little and too late.  Make of that as you must.
SW: "Libertarians, as a political party didn't exist till 1971, and as a recognized political movement in the America they certainly didn't exist in the 1950's - so it is hard to blame them... at least if you want to be rational."
Steve, perhaps you are unaware of the works of Benjamin Tucker, Lysander Spooner, Rose Lane Wilder, Isabell Paterson, and perhaps also the lesser tracts of Ayn Rand such as "The Only Path to Tomorrow: The Moral Basis of Individualism" (Readers Digest, January 1944.)  Ayn Rand, Rose Lane Wilder, and Isabell Paterson kept libertarianism alive through the New Deal years.  The word "libertarian" long ante-dates the LP.  It is also claimed by those who denounce the "Partyarchy" such as  Erwin S. Strauss, author of The Case Against a Libertarian Political Party.   Being rational is important, but only when rational is combined with and supported by empirical does it become objective
SW: "...  but the votes in the House and in the Senate for the 1964 Civil Rights Act shows that Republicans voted yes by over 80% while Democrats were closer to 63%. That vote was actually more North versus South (almost no one from the South voted 'Yea').
Unfortunately, that included Barry Goldwater, which speaks to the point. 
SW: A business does have the right to discriminate on race, or on any other thing it wishes, rational or not, moral or not. ...  people have a right to do things, even immoral things, so long as they don't involve the initiation of force, the use of fraud or theft, then what is your new philosophy? It doesn't appear to be Objectivism.
Steve, the essential difference between Objectivism and Libertarianism (note the capitals) is that Libertarians insist on irrational living as their political right.  And we grant that, politically.  Ethically, the irrational is immoral.  Racism is irrational.  Racism is immoral.  As I said, and as you did not challenge, to engage in racism or racialism is as irrational as giving away your life savings to beggars.  For the Libertarians, your "right" to do so ends the argument.  Objectivism is deeper than that.

And, so, too, here.  I point out only that prejudice against names like Roshanda and Antoine exists and continues and is irrational and immoral.  All that counts is the objective facts of achievement, and the potential of a new hire to bring new profits.


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Post 3

Monday, December 5, 2011 - 5:55pmSanction this postReply
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Michael wrote:
Steve, now, as in the past, you perceive attacks on Ayn Rand where none were intended or delivered. You seem very protective of your investment in her writings. I am sorry to make you feel uncomfortable by increasing your cognitive dissonance, but it cannot be avoided easily. At some level, Steve, your sensibilities are your own to deal with.
Your often condescending, and usually vague, slights of Rand have been many. I'm not the only one to notice them. Your attempt to blame me with cheap psychologizing isn't going to fool anyone but perhaps yourself.
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Michael, I'm well aware of all those works that you mention (and more) but my statement stands - "Libertarians, as a political party didn't exist till 1971, and as a recognized political movement in the America they certainly didn't exist in the 1950's" Those writings do not constitute "a recognized political movement" - decades passed before those writing began to take root and form a movement. And still more time before the movement was strong enough to form a political party.
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You wrote, "... the essential difference between Objectivism and Libertarianism (note the capitals) is that Libertarians insist on irrational living as their political right. And we grant that, politically. Ethically, the irrational is immoral. Racism is irrational. Racism is immoral.

Some Libertarians are Objectivists so the first sentence has some logical problems. But I agree with the essence of what you are saying, and my point was, that because something is immoral doesn't mean it should be illegal. And I've never said that irrational things are moral.

You went on to say, "As I said, and as you did not challenge, to engage in racism or racialism is as irrational as giving away your life savings to beggars." I didn't challenge that because of the term "racialism" - I've already pointed out my objections to your position on race. I call you a race denier and you call me a racialist and the readers will each make up their own minds. (And I wouldn't have painted racism and irrational, extreme personal altruism as the same. Racism is hateful. Giving ones money away is foolish. They are different kinds of irrationality.

You admit that skin color exists, I assume that you recognize that it is part of a pattern of genetic characteristics, and that people make identifications of race based upon that kind of phenotypical characteriscs. Certainly, people have all kinds of idiotic constructs that they add onto this set of what should be seen as nothing more than innocent genetic characteristics - and those that constructs that imply moral judgement are racist.

Yes, it is fact some people are racist and expose their prejudice in reactions to names like Roshanda. But that prejudice is not against something that is intrinsic to the name - that is solely to that alphabetic pattern, or to it's pronounced sound. Their prejudice is against their perception of the name belonging to some one who is black - to a race. Racists are seeing race (implying it from a name) and then putting irrational beliefs onto that race.

If you said that "racism" is a social contruct ("racism" not "race") you would be closer to being right - but still wrong because the social constructs of racism are based upon race which is the perception of actual phenotypical characteristics.

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Monday, December 5, 2011 - 6:35pmSanction this postReply
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Gotta go with Steve on this one.
His posts are definitely clear and consistent.

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Monday, December 5, 2011 - 9:21pmSanction this postReply
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Thanks, Jules.

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Thursday, December 8, 2011 - 2:15pmSanction this postReply
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I think the main issue with civil rights and private discrimination specifically is that people see it as a matter of rights whereas we see it as a matter of virtue

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